Historiografi Dan Transmisi Hadis Di Bilad Al-Syam

Abstract

This study analyzes the historical development and historiography of the dissemination of hadith in the region of Sham from the era of the Companions through the period of formal codification. The primary focus of this study is to evaluate the transformation of Syria from a post-conquest geopolitical base into a significant center for the dissemination and codification of hadith in Islamic history. Using descriptive-analytical methods and a critical historiographical approach, this study highlights the central role of Caliph Umar bin Abdul Aziz’s policies as well as the methodological contributions of Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri in preserving the hadith corpus. The findings indicate that the codification of hadith in Syria was not merely an administrative response to the threat of fabricated hadith and the loss of collective memory, but rather an epistemological leap from oral tradition toward written standardization. These findings affirm that Syria played a crucial role as a catalyst in the formation of global Sunni authority, while simultaneously enriching the discourse of Islamic scholarly history, which has traditionally tended to center on the regions of Hijaz and Iraq.